The Importance of Life Cycle Cost Components for Green Highway and Road Management: A Review

Abstract

Road infrastructure will face growing pressures and effects from a range of challenges in the future, including changing climatic patterns, restrictions on capacity, population growth, land and capital crises, and rapidly developing techniques that will outweigh the pace of development of new infrastructures. The anticipated shift in road user's travel behaviour will also have a significant influence on highway and road(H&R) construction projects and its transportation aspects. This paper involves the research gap using an objective-oriented approach to create a connection between each cost component of LCC relevant to green highway and road (H&R) criteria and risk likelihood in a structured calculation. The purpose is to suit emerging research questions aforementioned. Therefore, this paper aims to facilitate developing literature for an integrated calculator of green road criteria incurring cost development using the LCC-DSS model. With this aim, the study enables a research gap in line with research questions associated with the integrated calculator that useful in examining risk.