Pendatang Asing Tanpa Izin (PATI) di Johor: Profil Demografi dan Dokumen Kemasukan

Illegal Immigrants in Johor: Demographic Profile and Entry Documents

Abstract

Kekurangan kajian terhadap pendatang asing tanpa izin ekoran daripada kesukaran mendapatkan maklumat, data, serta kerjasama daripada pendatang dan juga pihak berkuasa kerana ia melibatkan soal keselamatan, perundangan, privasi, dan kerahsiaan kedua-dua belah pihak. Justeru kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetengahkan isu dan persoalan pendatang asing tanpa izin secara lebih jelas untuk pemahaman dan perbincangan yang lebih terperinci. Objektif kajian adalah mengkaji profil demografi pendatang, mengenal pasti faktor pekerjaan, pendapatan, dan majikan, serta analisis pematuhan dokumen dalam kalangan pendatang. Semua responden pendatang ditemu bual dengan menggunakan set soal selidik secara bersemuka di Depoh Tahanan Imigresen di Pekan Nenas, Pontian, Johor. Dapatan kajian merumuskan pendatang asing tanpa izin memasuki Malaysia lebih bermotifkan ekonomi seperti kemiskinan di negara asal dan peluang pekerjaan di negara ini, berbanding isu pergolakan politik, pertelingkahan kaum, atau pergeseran agama. Dapatan kajian juga mengesan isu penyalahgunaan dokumen perjalanan, penyeludupan manusia, dan penipuan agen. Penguatkuasaan undang-undang yang lebih tegas, bersepadu, dan menyeluruh adalah perlu bagi menangani masalah dokumen selain membanteras eksploitasi manusia dengan mengenakan hukuman lebih keras bagi menjamin keselamatan rakyat tempatan, kedaulatan negara, serta melindungi hak asasi dan kehormatan manusia dan generasi akan dating

The lack of research on illegal immigrants due to the difficulty of obtaining information, data, and cooperation of immigrants and also involving the authorities for security, legal, privacy, and confidentiality of both parties. Thus, this study aims to highlight the issues and problems of illegal immigrants explicitly for open space and understanding of the broader discussion. Basically this research focused on identifying the demographic profile of immigrants, analyze employment, income, and the employer, as well as push factors and pull the admission of foreigners involved to Malaysia. All respondents’ immigrants interviewed using a face-to-face questionnaire in Immigration Detention Center in Pekan Nenas, Pontian, Johor. Information and data is processed and analyzed by descriptive and comparative method. The study concluded illegal immigrants into Malaysia more motivated by economic factors such as poverty in countries of origin and employment opportunities in Malaysia despitethe issue of political unrest, sectarian strife, and religious conflicts, human trafficking, or the issue of fraud by agents. Law enforcement tougher it is necessary to address and combat the exploitation of man by imposing harsher punishments for ensuring the safety of local people, national sovereignty, and protect the rights and dignity of humankind and future generations.