Tafsiran dan Status Asnaf Fisabilillah dalam Pengagihan Zakat
Interpretation and Status of Fisabilillah Asnaf in the Distribution of Zakah
Abstract
Zakat antara isu sering menjadi perhatian ramai. Masyarakat konvensional sering mempersoalkan mengenai agihan zakat kepada asnaf. Dengan itu, terdapat segelintir masyarakat yang tidak puas hati terhadap agihan zakat yang dibuat oleh institusi zakat. Justeru itu, artikel ini membincangkan tentang tafsiran dan status asnaf fisabilillah dalam penerimaan dana zakat. Kajian ini juga memberi tumpuan kepada aplikasi dan kesesuaian pengagihan dana zakat serta penentuan asnaf fisabilillah mengikut keperluan semasa serta menepati syariatNya . Kajian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang melibatkan kaedah pengumpulan data secara dokumentasi dan kajian perpustakaan. Dalam menganalisis, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah pendekatan deskriptif. Data yang telah dikumpul kemudiannya dianalisis dan diperjelaskan. Selain itu, pendekatan deskritif juga untuk melihat amalan pengagihan zakat kepada asnaf fisabilillah di Malaysia. Hasil kajian mendapati, dari sudut penerimaan fisabilillah sebagai asnaf zakat, ia telah disepakati semua ulama tetapi dari sudut tafsiran ulama dahulu dan kontemporari mereka berbeza pendapat. Penentuan sesuatu asnaf itu bergantung kepada tafsiran yang dibuat. Diharapkan kajian dapat memberi manfaat kepada pihak Majlis Agama Islam setiap negeri dan masyarakat Islam.
Zakat is one of the most frequent issues of concern. Conventional people often question about the distribution of zakat to asnaf. Consequently, there is a handful of dissatisfaction about the distribution of zakat made by zakat institutions. Therefore, this article discusses the interpretation and status of asnaf fisabilillah in the acceptance of zakat funds. The study also focuses on the application and appropriateness of the distribution of zakat funds as well as the determination of asnaf fisabilillah according to the current needs and conforming to the Shari'a (Islamic law). This study uses qualitative approach which involves data collection methods such as documentation and library research. In analyzing the data, this study uses descriptive approach. The collected data is then analyzed and elucidated. In addition, a descriptive approach is also used to see the practice of zakat distribution to asnaf fisabilillah in Malaysia. The findings showed that, from the perspective of fisabilillah as the asnaf zakat, it has been agreed upon by all scholars; but from the point of view of the former and contemporary ulama, they differed in opinion. The determination of asnaf depends on the interpretation. It is hoped that this study will benefit the Islamic Religious Council of every state specifically and Muslim community in general.
