Factors of Technologies-Reliant for ‘Pengajian Malaysia’ Subject in Online Learning (OLL): A Conceptual Review

Abstract

This study investigates college students’ reliance on technologies in ‘Pengajian Malaysia’ subject (MPU 2113) via the E-learning processes, due to the Covid-19 Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) in Malaysia, especially Kota Bharu, Kelantan. The Same Time/ Different Place Instruction Model by R. Johansen et. al. (1991, pg. 16) is adapted into an online cross sectional survey design to determine the factors of technologies-reliant among students who are being separated by distance geographically, but can still meet via a telecommunication medium or teleconferencing with each other at the same time using applications like Google Meet or Zoom, or any noninteractive media such as virtual open broadcasts that instruct numerous numbers of students simultaneously without the programme’s originators such as the YouTube channels. Factors that are impacting the contingent of E-learning technologies are used as dependent variables, like human-machine interface, delivery and access, and interaction (adapted from M. S. McIsaac, 1996). The findings of this study will discuss technology advancement that is applied in facilitating the delivery and its significance in the processes of ‘Pengajian Malaysia’ subject design and instructions for distance education.