Prestasi Pembakaran Biodiesel Berasaskan Minyak Bunga Matahari Ke Atas Pembakar Berbahan Api Cecair

Combustion Performance Sunflower Oil Biodiesel on Liquid Fuel Burner

Authors

  • Muhammad Syahiran Abdul Malik Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Nareenthiran Mavalavan Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Mohd Shuisma Mohd Ismail Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Muhamad Roslan Rahim Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Mazlan Said Sekolah Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.82.2.127145

Keywords:

Campuran biodiesel berasaskan minyak bunga matahari, pembakaran, nisbah kesetaraan, emisi

Abstract

Kajian ini menyiasat mengenai prestasi pembakaran adunan bahan api biodiesel berasaskan minyak bunga matahari dengan diesel pada nisbah B10 (biodiesel 10%, diesel 90%), B15 (biodiesel 15%, diesel 85%), B25 (biodiesel 25%, diesel 75%) dan B50 (biodiesel 50%, diesel 50%). Prestasi pembakaran bahan api ini dinilai berdasarkan kepada nilai suhu dinding kebuk pembakar, kecekapan terma pembakar serta kepekatan gas emisi yang dibebaskan seperti oksida nitrogen (NOx), sulfur dioksida (SO?), dan karbon monoksida (CO). Bahan api adunan biodiesel berasaskan minyak bunga matahari diukur dan dibandingkan dengan diesel. Semua bahan api yang diuji dibakar menggunakan kebuk pembakaran terbuka pada lima nisbah kesetaraan yang berbeza, iaitu, keadaan cair bahan api (? = 0.8 dan 0.9), stoikiometri (? = 1.0), dan kaya bahan api (? = 1.1 dan 1.2). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa bahan api biodiesel berasaskan minyak bunga matahari terbakar pada suhu yang lebih rendah. Ini menghasilkan tenaga terma bahan api dan kecekapan terma pembakar yang lebih rendah dari diesel. Selain itu, emisi yang dihasilkan adalah lebih rendah (kecuali NOx) berbanding dengan diesel untuk semua nisbah kesetaraan. Hasilnya juga menunjukkan bahawa penggunaan biodiesel adalah berguna untuk aplikasi moden yang berbeza, khususnya di sektor industri kerana ia lebih mesra alam dan boleh dijadikan sebagai pilihan alternatif kepada bahan api petroleum.

The current study investigated the combustion performance of sunflower oil-based biodiesel fuel blends with diesel at the ratio of B10 (10% biodiesel, 90% diesel), B15 (15% biodiesel, 85% diesel), B25 (25% biodiesel, 75% diesel) and B50 (50% biodiesel, 50% diesel). The combustion performance of this fuel is evaluated based on the value of the combustion chamber wall temperature, the thermal efficiency of the burner as well as the concentration of emission gases released such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO?), and carbon monoxide (CO). Sunflower oil-based biodiesel blend fuel was measured and compared to diesel. All fuels tested were burned using a combustion chamber with one of its ends open, at five different equivalence ratios, namely, fuel-lean condition (? = 0.8 and 0.9), stoichiometry (? = 1.0), and fuel-rich (? = 1.1 and 1.2). The results show that sunflower oil-based biodiesel fuels burn at lower temperatures. This results in lower fuel thermal energy, and thus, lower thermal efficiency of the burner compared to diesel. Moreover, the emissions produced are lower (except for NOx) compared to diesel for all equivalence ratios. The results also show that the use of biodiesel is useful for different modern applications, especially in the industrial sector as it is more environmentally friendly and can be used as an alternative to petroleum fuels.

References

Ayhan, Demirbas. "Progress and recent trends in biodiesel fuels." Energy Conversion and Management 50, no. 1 (2009): 14-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.09.001

Gross, Wendelin F., Cristina Hayden, and Christian Butz. "About the impact of rising oil price on logistics networks and transportation greenhouse gas emission." Logistics Research 4, no. 3 (2012): 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12159-012-0072-2

Conca, James. "No Peak Oil for America or The World." Forbes, Mar 2, 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2017/03/02/no-peak-oil-for-america-or-the-world/?sh=2f058cd84220.

Papandreou, Andreas, and Franco Ruzzenenti. "On the effects of fossil fuel prices on the transition towards a low carbon energy system." Part A, Fessud Financialisation, Economy, Society and Sustainable Development Working Paper Series 89 (2015).

Basha, Syed Ameer, K. Raja Gopal, and S. Jebaraj. "A review on biodiesel production, combustion, emissions and performance." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13, no. 6-7 (2009): 1628-1634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2008.09.031

Klass, D. L. "Energy consumption, reserves, depletion and environmental issues." Biomass for Renewable Energy, Fuels, and Chemicals (1998): 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012410950-6/50003-9

Atabani, Abdelaziz E., Arridina S. Silitonga, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, T. M. I. Mahlia, H. H. Masjuki, and S. Mekhilef. "A comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its characteristics." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16, no. 4 (2012): 2070-2093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.003

Demirbas, Ayhan. "Importance of biodiesel as transportation fuel." Energy Policy 35, no. 9 (2007): 4661-4670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.04.003

Rajaeifar, Mohammad Ali, Barat Ghobadian, Majeed Safa, and Mohammad Davoud Heidari. "Energy life-cycle assessment and CO2 emissions analysis of soybean-based biodiesel: a case study." Journal of Cleaner Production 66 (2014): 233-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.10.041

Senthilkumar, S., G. Sivakumar, and Siddarth Manoharan. "Investigation of palm methyl-ester bio-diesel with additive on performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine under 8-mode testing cycle." Alexandria Engineering Journal 54, no. 3 (2015): 423-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2015.03.019

Rathore, Vivek, and Giridhar Madras. "Synthesis of biodiesel from edible and non-edible oils in supercritical alcohols and enzymatic synthesis in supercritical carbon dioxide." Fuel 86, no. 17-18 (2007): 2650-2659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.03.014

Demirbas, Ayhan, Abdullah Bafail, Waqar Ahmad, and Manzoor Sheikh. "Biodiesel production from non-edible plant oils." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 34, no. 2 (2016): 290-318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0144598716630166

Luki?, Ivana, Željka Kesi?, Miodrag Zduji?, and Dejan Skala. "Vegetable oil as a feedstock for biodiesel synthesis." Veg. Oil Prop. Uses Benefits (2016): 83-128.

Gui, Meei Mei, K. T. Lee, and S. Bhatia. "Feasibility of edible oil vs. non-edible oil vs. waste edible oil as biodiesel feedstock." Energy 33, no. 11 (2008): 1646-1653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2008.06.002

UFOP. Report on Global Market Supply 2017/2018 - European and world demand for biomass for the purpose of biofuel production in relation to supply in the food and feedstuff markets. Union zur Förderung von Oel- und Proteinpflanzen (UFOP): Germany (2018).

Ma, Fangrui, and Milford A. Hanna. "Biodiesel production: a review." Bioresource Technology 70, no. 1 (1999): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00025-5

Lam, Man Kee, Keat Teong Lee, and Abdul Rahman Mohamed. "Homogeneous, heterogeneous and enzymatic catalysis for transesterification of high free fatty acid oil (waste cooking oil) to biodiesel: a review." Biotechnology Advances 28, no. 4 (2010): 500-518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.03.002

Baroutian, Saeid, Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua, Abdul Aziz Abdul Raman, and Nik Meriam Nik Sulaiman. "Potassium hydroxide catalyst supported on palm shell activated carbon for transesterification of palm oil." Fuel Processing Technology 91, no. 11 (2010): 1378-1385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2010.05.009

Meher, L. C., D. Vidya Sagar, and S. N. Naik. "Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification-a review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 10, no. 3 (2006): 248-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2004.09.002

Nizah, M. F. Rabiah, Y. H. Taufiq-Yap, Umer Rashid, Siow Hwa Teo, ZA Shajaratun Nur, and Aminul Islam. "Production of biodiesel from non-edible Jatropha curcas oil via transesterification using Bi2O3-La2O3 catalyst." Energy Conversion and Management 88 (2014): 1257-1262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.02.072

Pilorgé, Etienne. "Sunflower in the global vegetable oil system: situation, specificities and perspectives." OCL 27 (2020): 34. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020028

Orsavova, Jana, Ladislava Misurcova, Jarmila Vavra Ambrozova, Robert Vicha, and Jiri Mlcek. "Fatty acids composition of vegetable oils and its contribution to dietary energy intake and dependence of cardiovascular mortality on dietary intake of fatty acids." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 16, no. 6 (2015): 12871-12890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160612871

Singh, Bharat P. Industrial crops and uses. Cabi, No. SB185. I53 2010. Ovid Technologies, Inc., 2010. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845936167.0000

Ali, J. A., and A. Abuhabaya. "Sunflower biodiesel: efficiency and emissions." WIT Transactions on State-of-the-art in Science and Engineering 83 (2014): 179-190. https://doi.org/10.2495/978-1-78466-034-5/017

Santos, Bjorn S., Sergio C. Capareda, and Jewel A. Capunitan. "Sunflower methyl ester as an engine fuel: performance evaluation and emissions analysis." International Scholarly Research Notices 2013 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/352024

Tutunea, Dragos, and Ilie Dumitru. "Analysis of performance and emissions of diesel engine using sunflower biodiesel." In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 252, no. 1, p. 012085. IOP Publishing, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/252/1/012085

Musthafa, Anas Basri. "Study on the Performance of Palm Methyl Ester in a Combustion System." PhD diss., Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2015.

Abdul Malik, Muhammad Syahiran, Ashrul Ishak Mohamad Shaiful, Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar, and Amirah Mohamad Sahar. "Combustion and emission characteristics of coconut-based biodiesel in a liquid fuel burner." Energies 10, no. 4 (2017): 458. https://doi.org/10.3390/en10040458

Jaafar, Mohammad Nazri Mohd, and Safiullah Safiullah. "Combustion Characteristics of Rice Bran Oil Biodiesel in an Oil Burner." Jurnal Teknologi 80, no. 3 (2018). https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v80.11612

Hasan, Abed Al-Khadim M., Mahmoud A. Mashkour, and Amer A. Mohammed. "Experimental Investigations on Combustion Pollutant Emissions of Sunflower Biodiesel and Its Blends with Diesel and Kerosene for Furnace Application." Journal of University of Babylon for Engineering Sciences 26, no. 8 (2018): 88-100.

Barabás, István, and Ioan-Adrian Todoru?. "Biodiesel quality, standards and properties." Biodiesel - Quality, Emissions and By-Products (2011): 3-28. https://doi.org/10.5772/25370

Ramalho, E. F. S. M., J. R. Carvalho Filho, A. R. Albuquerque, S. F. De Oliveira, E. H. S. Cavalcanti, L. Stragevitch, I. M. G. Santos, and A. G. Souza. "Low temperature behavior of poultry fat biodiesel: diesel blends." Fuel 93 (2012): 601-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.10.051

Durrenberger, Joe. Furnace Efficiency Testing. No. AK-RD-84-12. State of Alaska, Department of Transportation and Public Facilities, Division of Planning, Research Section, 1983.

Knothe, Gerhard, Jurgen Krahl, and Jon Van Gerpen. The Biodiesel Handbook. No. L-0578. AOCS Press, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439822357

Knothe, Gerhard. "Dependence of biodiesel fuel properties on the structure of fatty acid alkyl esters." Fuel Processing Technology 86, no. 10 (2005): 1059-1070. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.11.002

Esteban, Bernat, Jordi-Roger Riba, Grau Baquero, Rita Puig, and Antoni Rius. "Characterization of the surface tension of vegetable oils to be used as fuel in diesel engines." Fuel 102 (2012): 231-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.07.042

Palash, S. M., M. A. Kalam, H. H. Masjuki, B. M. Masum, IM Rizwanul Fattah, and M. Mofijur. "Impacts of biodiesel combustion on NOx emissions and their reduction approaches." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 23 (2013): 473-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.03.003

Ali, O. M., R. Mamat, M. G. Rasul, and G. Najafi. "Potential of biodiesel as fuel for diesel engine." In Clean Energy for Sustainable Development, pp. 557-590. Academic Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-805423-9.00018-1

Atabani, A. E., A. S. Silitonga, H. C. Ong, T. M. I. Mahlia, H. H. Masjuki, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, and H. Fayaz. "Non-edible vegetable oils: a critical evaluation of oil extraction, fatty acid compositions, biodiesel production, characteristics, engine performance and emissions production." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 18 (2013): 211-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.013

Rahim, M. R. " Kesan Penggunaan Pemusar Dwi Ganda Aliran Jejarian Terhadap Hasil Pembakaran Berbahan Api Cecair." Master diss., Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2016.

Ganjehkaviri, Abdolsaeid, Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar, Seyed Ehsan Hosseini, and Anas Basri Musthafa. "Performance evaluation of palm oil-based biodiesel combustion in an oil burner." Energies 9, no. 2 (2016): 97. https://doi.org/10.3390/en9020097

Bazooyar, Bahamin, Afshin Ghorbani, and Ahmad Shariati. "Combustion performance and emissions of petrodiesel and biodiesels based on various vegetable oils in a semi industrial boiler." Fuel 90, no. 10 (2011): 3078-3092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.05.025

Fernando, Sandun, Chris Hall, and Saroj Jha. "NOx reduction from biodiesel fuels." Energy & Fuels 20, no. 1 (2006): 376-382. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef050202m

Refaat, A. A. "Correlation between the chemical structure of biodiesel and its physical properties." International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology 6, no. 4 (2009): 677-694. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03326109

Samaras, C. "Emissions estimation from industrial gas turbine combustors." Master diss., Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK, 2010.

Heravi, Hamid Momahedi, Saeed Baghdar Hosseini, Fatemeh Farash Bamoharram, and Javad Baharara. "The Effect of various vegetable oils on pollutant emissions of biodiesel blends with gasoil in a furnace." Thermal Science 19, no. 6 (2015): 1977-1984. https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI140218022H

Venu, Harish, and Prabhu Appavu. "Combustion and emission characte ristics of Tamarind seed biodiesel-diesel blends in a compression ignition engine." International Journal of Ambient Energy (2019): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2019.1611652

Vakkilainen, Esa K. "Solid Biofuels and Combustion." Steam Generation from Biomass (2017): 18-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-804389-9.00002-2

Sapee, S. "Study on the Combustion Performance of Jatropha and Used Cooking Oil Biodiesels in a Liquid Fuel Burner." Master diss., Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia, 2017.

Hasagaya, Muhammad Azreen Azeem. "Performance Study of Biodiesel Blends on Burner System." PhD diss., Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2010.

Downloads

Published

2021-05-09

How to Cite

Abdul Malik, M. S. ., Mohd Jaafar, M. N., Mavalavan, N. ., Mohd Ismail, M. S. ., Rahim, M. R. ., & Said, M. (2021). Prestasi Pembakaran Biodiesel Berasaskan Minyak Bunga Matahari Ke Atas Pembakar Berbahan Api Cecair: Combustion Performance Sunflower Oil Biodiesel on Liquid Fuel Burner. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 82(2), 127–145. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.82.2.127145

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)