Performance Analysis of Highway Wind Turbine Enhanced with Wind Guide Vanes Using the Taguchi Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37934/cfdl.13.3.2542Keywords:
VAWT, Savonius, Moving car, Highway, CFD, Dynamic Mesh, Transient, 1DOF, Taguchi MethodAbstract
Considerable efforts have been made by researchers to study the interaction between moving vehicles and wind turbines. The Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine was chosen due to its effectiveness in low-wind speed conditions. Speeding vehicles produce a scattered and non-uniform wind flow with disturbances. Hence, to prevent a negative torque, a row of wind guide vane panels was arranged in front of the blades of a wind turbine. The wind guide vane had the shape of an NACA4412 aerofoil to reduce the loss of wind energy, and to further increase wind velocity. A number of CFD simulations were designed using the Taguchi method to determine the optimum conditions for the power coefficient of the wind turbine in terms of the effects of three factors, namely, the distance between the guide vanes (d), the angle of the guide vanes (?), and the speed of the moving car (VC). An orthogonal array of L9(33) was designed. In addition, to observe the effects of the wind velocity induced by the moving vehicle, the wind turbine was incorporated with one degree of freedom (1DOF). The results showed that the speed of the moving car played a major role in determining the power coefficient. The order of influence of each factor was ranked as VC > ? > d. The performance of the wind turbine was sensitive to the speed of the car and the angle of the guide vanes, whereas it was insensitive to the distance between the guide vanes. Furthermore, the analysis of the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio suggested that the optimal combination of factors for a maximum power coefficient were d = 0.4m, ? = 30°, and VC =30m/s. The optimum setting increased the Cp to 26% compared to the Cp that was produced without the installation of the guide vanes.
References
Zaharim, Azami, Siti Khadijah Najid, Ahmad Mahir Razali, and Kamaruzzaman Sopian. "Wind speed analysis in the east coast of Malaysia." European Journal of Scientific Research 32, no. 2 (2009): 208-215.
Saqr, Khalid M., and Md Nor Musa. "RANS simulation of the turbulent flow field in the vicinity of the Ahmed reference car model." New Aspects of Fluid Mechanics, Heat Transfer and Environment. Wseas, Taipi (2010): 21-26.
Hegde, Shreyas S., Anand Thamban, Shah Palash Manish Bhai, Arham Ahmed, Meet Upadhyay, Ashish Joishy, and Arun Mahalingam. "Highway mounted horizontal axial flow turbines for wind energy harvesting from cruising vehicles." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2016-65194
Al-Aqel, A. A., B. K. Lim, EE Mohd Noor, Tze Chuen Yap, and S. A. Alkaff. "Potentiality of small wind turbines along highway in Malaysia." In 2016 International Conference on Robotics, Automation and Sciences (ICORAS), pp. 1-6. IEEE, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICORAS.2016.7872634
Santhakumar, Senthilvel, Ilamathi Palanivel, and Krishnanand Venkatasubramanian. "An experimental study on the rotational behaviour of a Savonius wind turbine for two-lane highway applications." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 40, no. 4 (2018): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-018-1158-9
Altan, Burçin Deda, Mehmet At?lgan, and Aydo?an Özdamar. "An experimental study on improvement of a Savonius rotor performance with curtaining." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 32, no. 8 (2008): 1673-1678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2008.06.006
Promdee, Chatchai, and Chonlatee Photong. "Effects of wind angles and wind speeds on voltage generation of savonius wind turbine with double wind tunnels." Procedia Computer Science 86 (2016): 401-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.044
Irabu, Kunio, and Jitendro Nath Roy. "Characteristics of wind power on Savonius rotor using a guide-box tunnel." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 32, no. 2 (2007): 580-586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2007.06.008
Son, Sung-Woo, Patrick Mark Singh, and Young-Do Choi. "Influence of guide vane shape on the performance and internal flow of a cross flow wind turbine." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering 37, no. 2 (2013): 163-169. https://doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2013.37.2.163
Korprasertsak, Natapol, and Thananchai Leephakpreeda. "CFD-based power analysis on low speed vertical axis wind turbines with wind boosters." Energy Procedia 79 (2015): 963-968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.594
Wang, Qiankun, Weijie Fang, Renaud de Richter, Chong Peng, and Tingzhen Ming. "Effect of moving vehicles on pollutant dispersion in street canyon by using dynamic mesh updating method." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 187 (2019): 15-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2019.01.014
Fujisawa, Nobuyuki. "On the torque mechanism of Savonius rotors." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 40, no. 3 (1992): 277-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(92)90380-S
Wenehenubun, Frederikus, Andy Saputra, and Hadi Sutanto. "An experimental study on the performance of Savonius wind turbines related with the number of blades." Energy Procedia 68 (2015): 297-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.259
Ricci, Renato, Roberto Romagnoli, Sergio Montelpare, and Daniele Vitali. "Experimental study on a Savonius wind rotor for street lighting systems." Applied Energy 161 (2016): 143-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.012
Airfoil Tools. "NACA 4412 (naca4412-il)." Airfoil Tools, November 18, 2020.
Deisadze, Lucas, Drew Digeser, Christopher Dunn, and Dillon Shoikat. "Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Evaluation and Design." Worcester Polytechnic Institute (2013).
Nasef, M. H., W. A. El-Askary, A. A. Abdel-Hamid, and H. E. Gad. "Evaluation of Savonius rotor performance: Static and dynamic studies." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 123 (2013): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2013.09.009
Akwa, João Vicente, Gilmar Alves da Silva Júnior, and Adriane Prisco Petry. "Discussion on the verification of the overlap ratio influence on performance coefficients of a Savonius wind rotor using computational fluid dynamics." Renewable Energy 38, no. 1 (2012): 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2011.07.013
Tian, Wenlong, Zhaoyong Mao, Xinyu An, Baoshou Zhang, and Haibing Wen. "Numerical study of energy recovery from the wakes of moving vehicles on highways by using a vertical axis wind turbine." Energy 141 (2017): 715-728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.172
Selvaraju, P. N., K. M. Parammasivam, and Dr G. Devaradjane Shankar. "Analysis of Drag and Lift performance in sedan car model using CFD." Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences www.jchps.com ISSN 974 (2015): 2115.
Lye, Gerard. "DRIVEN: 2016 Proton Saga first impressions review - meet the true challenger to the Perodua Bezza." PAULTAN.ORG, September 24, 2016.
Rumsey, Christopher. "2DN44: 2D NACA 4412 Airfoil Trailing Edge Separation." Langley Research Center Turbulence Modeling Resource. Accessed November 18, 2020.
Torresi, Marco, Fabio A. De Benedittis, Bernardo Fortunato, and Sergio M. Camporeale. "Performance and flow field evaluation of a Savonius rotor tested in a wind tunnel." Energy Procedia 45 (2014): 207-216.
