Effect of Biot Number on Convective Heat Transfer of DarcyForchheimer Nanofluid Flow over Stretched Zero Mass Flux Surface in the Presence of Magnetic Field

Abstract

This work examined magneto-hydrodynamics flow of aluminum oxide– water based saturated in porous media that characterized by the Darcy-Forchheimer model. Heat transfer mechanism was analyzed in the presence of convective heating process and zero mass flux condition. Tiwari-Das model is employed to study the characteristics of nanofluid. A uniform magnetic field was imposed and a linear stretching surface was used to generate the flow. Application of appropriate transformation yields nonlinear ordinary differential equation through nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations and solved by Runge–Kutta Fehlberg shooting technique. Importance of influential variables such as velocity, temperature and concentration were elaborated graphically. Biot number, porosity, Forchheimer number and nanoparticle volume fraction parameters under various magnetic field and local Nusselt number were calculated numerically and interpreted. The results indicate that the effect of magnetic field is dominant on boundary layer thickness with respect to Biot number, porosity and nanoparticle volume fraction effect on temperature and nanoparticle concentration profile. An increase in Biot number, improvement in temperature distribution and nanoparticle concentration. The velocity distribution is decreased when there is an increase in the Forchheimer number and porosity parameters