Hydroxyapatite and Thermal Oxidation as Intermediate Layer on Metallic Biomaterial for Medical Implant: A Review

Abstract

Preventing corrosion in bio implant is essential in overcoming allergic symptoms and inflammation as a result of biomaterial implants in human body. Upon contact with fluids, such as bloodstream, metal implants turn highly antagonistic, which leads to corrosion. Scientific findings have indicated that implant metals must go through surface modification to create a layer between metal surface and fluidic environment. This method has displayed good anti-corrosion performance. Surface modification is composed of three methods, namely mechanical, chemical, and physical modifications. This paper focuses on the chemical technique, which is the sol-gel dip technique, and thermal oxidation as the intermediate layer between hydroxyapatite (HA) and metal surface. A summary of recent progress related to sol-gel and HA research applications is presented as well. Combination of the two methods hasshown good results in degradation ion activity.