Influence of Nano Additives on the Thermo-physical Properties and Exhaust Emissions of Gasoline Fuel in SI Engine

Abstract

The reducing of exhaust emissions is an essential issue for environmental organizations in the world. In the current research, emissions of SI engines were reduced by using Alumina (AL₂O₃) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles as additives to the high octane gasoline fuel used in the SI engine. 30 nm Alumina and titanium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed with high octane gasoline fuel at different concentrations. Different tests were carried out for the high-octane gasoline fuel before and after adding the nanoparticles, including thermal conductivity, viscosity, PH, density, morphology. Tests of the percentage of CO and O₂ emissions were also performed for the exhaust gases of the SI engine. Results show an increase in thermal conductivity from 0.14 to 0.15 and 0.154 (W/m.k) respectively of AL₂O₃ and TiO₂ nanofluid at 1% of volume concentration compared to the base fluid. Viscosity and density also showed an increase with increasing nanoparticle concentrations in the high-octane gasoline fuel. A decrease in the PH value of the high-octane gasoline fuel with an increase in nanoparticle concentrations was also observed. An improvement was noted in reducing carbon dioxide pollution emissions by alumina and titanium dioxide nanoparticles.